Academic Papers

"...Regardless, proximity to empire did not protect them from racism and when the summer race riots of 1958 occurred, the fleeting illusion of better opportunities, tolerance, and attempts to live as subjects of empire at its heart came to a violent end. Therefore, the need for Black Britons’ perspectives to exist and be defended became even more crucial and hence, the development of the Black British press was invigorated to articulate their own viewpoints and perceived value within a society which now sought to reject them...."

Available on pp.52-61
This essay will discuss the intimate relationship between urban life and female criminality in early modern Europe, a subject that has garnered significantly more interest in the field since the late twentieth century.

“The triumphs of the Crusade were the triumphs of faith. But faith without wisdom is a dangerous thing.” This paper seeks to demonstrate the uses of the Crusades in the rationale of both Christian extremist and Islamist organisations and what this reveals about the readings of its history.